Keragaman Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Pada Tumbuhan Pokem [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] dengan Metode Traping

https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.437

Authors

  • Suharno Suharno PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura
  • Rosye H.R. Tanjung PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura
  • Verena Agustini PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura
  • Supeni Sufaati PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura

Abstract

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) plays important role in increasing plant growth and plant protection against pathogen. Its diversity depends on their habitat, including the abundance and distribution of the host plant on agricultural area. This research has aim to explore the diversity of AMF from the rhizosphere of Pokem (Setaria italica) using trapping methods. Soil samples were collected from Numfor Island, Biak Numfor, Papua. The isolation of AMF from the soil sample was elucidated by wet sieving method. Every different spore then was inoculated to the root of Desmodium heterocarpon to propagate and monosporic culture was grown on Shorgum bicolor.  The result showed that the number of the spore that was obtained by traping method increased up to 63,63%. Single spores inoculation of AMF on D. heterocarpon was high percentage (85%) of success. On average, Monosporic culture of single spore inoculation on S. bicolor reached up to 30,53 spores/10g soil sample.  There are 6 genera (9 species) were obtain in this study, namely Glomus, Claroideoglomus, Scutellospora, Gigaspora, Ambispora and Acaulospora. Furthermore, identification using molecular method should be done for proper identification.

Key words: AMF, plant rhizosfer, S. italica, trapping methods

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Suharno Suharno, PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura

PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura

Rosye H.R. Tanjung, PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura

PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura

Verena Agustini, PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura

PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura

Supeni Sufaati, PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura

PS. Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura

References

Abbott, L.K. and A.D. Robson. 1982. The role of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agriculture and the selection of fungi for inoculation. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 33(2): 389–408.

Ãlvarez-Sánchez, J., N.C. Johnson, A. Antoninka, V.B. Chaudhary, M.K. Lau, S.M. Owen, I. Sánchez-Gallen, P. Guadarrama and S. Castillo. 2012. Large-scale diversity patterns in spore communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In: Mycorrhiza: Occurrence in Natural and Restored (M. Pagano, Ed.). Nova Science Publishers, Inc. New York, USA.

Anju, T. dan S. Sarita. 2010. Suitability of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea) for development of low glycemic index biscuits. Malays. J. Nutr. 16(3): 361–368.

Brundrett, M. 1991. Mycorrhizas in natural ecosystem. Advances in Ecological Research. 21: 171–313.

Brundrett, M.C., Y. Piche, and R.L. Peterson. 1984. A new method for observing the morphology of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae. Can. J. Bot. 62: 2128–2134.

Cuenca, G. and M. Lovera. 2010. Seasonal variation and distribution at different soil depths of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in a tropical sclerophyllous shrubland. Botany. 88: 54–64.

Daisog, H., C. Sbrana, C. Cristani, A.-C. Moonen, M. Giovnnetti and P. Barbaeri. 2012. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi shift competitive relationships among crop and weed species. Plant Soil. 353: 395–408.

Dodd, J.C., J.P. Clapp, and B. Zhao. 2001. Mycorrhiza Manual. prepared for the Workshop. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in plant production systems: detection, taxonomy, conservation and ecophysiology. Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University. China.

Garg, N and S. Chandel. 2010. Arbuscular mycorrhizal networks: Process and function. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 30: 581–599.

Hubbard, F.T. 1915. A Taxonomic study of Setaria italica and its immediate allies. American Journal of Botany. 2(4): 169–198.

IJdo, M., S. Cranenbrouck and S. Declerck. 2011. Methods for large–scale production of AM fungi: past, present, and future. Mycorrhiza. 21:1–16.

Jansa, J., A. Mozafar, T. Anken, R. Ruh, I.R. Sanders and E. Frossard. 2002. Diversity and structure of AMF communities as affected by tillage in a temperate soil. Mycorrhiza. 12: 225–234.

Krishnamoorthy, R., C.-G. Kim, P. Subramanian, K.-Y. Kim, G. Selvakumar, and T.-M. Sa. 2015. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Community Structure, Abundance and Species Richness Changes in Soil by Different Levels of Heavy Metal and Metalloid Concentration. PLoS ONE. 10(6): e0128784.

Malik, A. 2012. Pokem Setaria italica L. sumber pangan alternatif di masa datang. http://papua.litbang.deptan. go.id/ind/images/Document/pokem.pdf. (Download 2012).

Mangay, A.S., W.N. Pearson, and W.J. Darby. 1957. Millet (Setaria italica): its amino acid and niacin content and supplementary nutritive value for corn (maize) foxtail millet (Setaria Italica L.). Suplementary Value of Millet. 377–390.

Moreira, M., M.A. Nogueira., S.M. Tsai., S.M. Gomes-da-Costa., and E.J.B.N. Cardoso. 2007. Sporulation and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Brazil Pine in the field and in the greenhouse. Mycorrhiza. 17: 519–526.

Morton, J., S. Bentivenga, and J. Bever. 1995. Discovery, measurement, and interpretation of diversity in arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungi (Glomales, Zygo-mycetes). Can J. Bot. 73: S25–S32.

Peterson, R.L., H.B. Massicotte, and L.H. Melville. 2010. Mycorrhizas: Anatomy and Cell Biology. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon. United Kingdom.

Rauf, A.W., dan M.S. Lestari. 2009. Pemanfaatan komoditas pangan lokal sebagai sumber pangan alternatif di Papua. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian. 28(2): 54–62.

Schüßler, A. and C. Walker. 2010. The glomeromycota. A species list with new families and new genera. With correction on July 2011. [online]. The Royal Botanic Garden Kew, Botanische Staatssammlung Munich, and Oregon State University.

Smith, S.E., and D. Read. 2008. Mycorrhizal symbiosis. Third Edition. Academic Press, Elsevier. New York.

Sufaati, S., V. Agustini, R.H.R. Tanjung, dan Suharno. 2014. Keberadaan fungi mikoriza arbuskula pada gandum “Pokem†Papua [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] di Pulau Numfor, Kabupaten Biak Numfor. Seminar Nasional Biologi Indonesia. Jayapura, 7–8 Oktober 2014. pp: 61–69.

Suharno dan R.P. Sancayaningsih. 2013. Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula: Potensi teknologi mikorizoremediasi logam berat dalam rehabilitasi lahan tambang. Bioteknologi. 10(1): 31–42.

Suharno, R.P. Sancayaningsih, E.S. Soetarto dan R.S. Kasiamdari. 2014. Keberadaan fungi mikoriza arbuskula di kawasan tailing tambang emas Timika sebagai upaya rehabilitasi lahan ramah lingkungan. J. Manusia dan Lingkungan. 21(3): 295–303.

Suharno, S. Sufaati, V. Agustini, dan C. Irawan. 2012. Fungi mikoriza arbuskula yang berasosiasi dengan gulma di lahan pertanian Koya Barat, Kota Jayapura, Papua. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Mikologi dan Pembentukan Perhimpunan Mikologi Indonesia. Purwokerto, 15–15 Mei 2012.

Suharno, S. Sufaati, V. Agustini, dan R.H.R. Tanjung. 2015. Usaha domestifikasi tumbuhan pokem (Setaria italica L.) masyarakat lokal Pulau Numfor, Kabupaten Biak Numfor sebagai upaya menunjang ketahanan pangan nasional. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan. 22(1): 73–83.

Symanczik, S., J. Błaszkowski, S. Koegel, T. Boller, A. Wiemken, M.N Al-Yahya'ei. 2014. Isolation and identification of desert habituated arbuscular myco-rrhizal fungi newly reported from the Arabian Peninsula. J. Arid Land. 6(4): 488–497.

Turk, M.A., T.A. Assaf, K.M. Hameed and A.M. Al-Tawaha. 2006. Significance of mycorrhizae. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2 (1): 16–20.

Vierheilig, H., P. Schweiger and M. Brundrett. 2005. An overview of methods for the detection and observation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots. Physiologia Plantarum. 125: 393–404.

Walker, C. 2008. Mycological Research News. Mycological Research. 112: 297–298.

Wu, Q.-S., G.-H. Li and Y.N. Zou. 2011. Roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and nutrient acquisition of peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) seedlings. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences. 21(4): 746–750.

Downloads

Published

2018-07-28

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)

Section

Research Articles

License

1. Copyright Policy

Jurnal Biologi Papua is committed to promoting the dissemination, accessibility, and responsible reuse of scholarly research in biology and related disciplines.

Under this policy, authors retain copyright ownership of their published articles and grant Jurnal Biologi Papua the non-exclusive right of first publication.

Authors retain the right to use, distribute, reproduce, and share their scholarly work in accordance with the applicable publication license.

The journal acknowledges the intellectual contributions of authors and respects their moral rights, including the right to be properly identified as creators of their work.

2. Publication License

Articles published under this policy are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Under this license, users are permitted to:

  1. Share: Copy and redistribute published articles in any medium or format.

  2. Adapt: Remix, transform, and build upon published materials for any purpose, including commercial purposes.

  3. Redistribute: Make articles available through repositories, websites, databases, and other scholarly platforms.

These permissions are subject to the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Users must provide appropriate credit to the original authors, include a link to the license, and indicate whether changes have been made.

Reuse must not imply endorsement by the authors or publisher.

3. Rights of Authors

Authors publishing in Jurnal Biologi Papua retain the following rights:

  1. Copyright ownership of their original scholarly work.

  2. The right to distribute and share their published articles.

  3. The right to deposit their articles in institutional or subject repositories.

  4. The right to reuse their work in subsequent scholarly publications, subject to appropriate acknowledgment and applicable ethical standards.

  5. The right to share their work for teaching, research, academic collaboration, and other lawful purposes.

Authors must acknowledge the original publication in Jurnal Biologi Papua when distributing or reusing the published version.

4. Rights of the Publisher

Authors grant Jurnal Biologi Papua the non-exclusive right to publish, disseminate, archive, and preserve accepted manuscripts.

The journal may reproduce and distribute the published version through its official website and authorized indexing, archiving, and scholarly dissemination services.

The publisher is responsible for maintaining the integrity of published content and accurately displaying copyright and licensing information.

5. Open Access Policy

Jurnal Biologi Papua supports immediate open access to scholarly research.

Articles published under this policy are freely accessible to readers without subscription requirements or access fees.

The journal encourages the responsible dissemination and reuse of published research to support scientific progress, academic collaboration, and the broader exchange of knowledge.

Published content may be accessed, downloaded, shared, and reused in accordance with the applicable Creative Commons license.

6. Third-Party Materials

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all materials included in their manuscripts comply with applicable copyright and intellectual property laws.

Permission must be obtained when required for the use of third-party figures, photographs, tables, illustrations, or other copyrighted materials.

Materials excluded from the article's Creative Commons license must be clearly identified with their applicable copyright and permission notices.

The journal's publication license does not override the rights of third-party copyright holders.

7. Repository and Self-Archiving Policy

Authors are permitted and encouraged to deposit and share their published articles through institutional repositories, academic repositories, and personal or institutional websites.

Authors must provide appropriate acknowledgment of the article's original publication in Jurnal Biologi Papua, including its citation information and DOI where available.

Repository deposits and subsequent distribution must comply with the license applicable to the relevant version of the article.

8. Licensing Information and Article Metadata

The applicable copyright holder and publication license should be clearly identified on each published article's webpage.

Where supported, licensing information should also be included in article metadata and the published PDF.

The journal is committed to maintaining accurate and consistent licensing information across its online publishing platform and scholarly indexing services.

9. Policy Application and Previously Published Articles

This policy applies to manuscripts accepted following its formal adoption by the journal and publisher.

Articles published before the adoption of this policy remain subject to the copyright arrangements and licenses applicable at the time of their publication, unless a valid change is authorized by the relevant rights holders.

The journal will not apply a new license retroactively without the necessary authorization.

10. Policy Commitment

Jurnal Biologi Papua is committed to transparent copyright arrangements, responsible open access publishing, and respect for intellectual property rights.

The journal will periodically review its copyright and licensing practices to maintain consistency with recognized standards of scholarly communication.

References

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ): https://doaj.org/apply/copyright-and-licensing/